Cultural Perspectives and Healthcare Challenges in Mental Health: A Comparative Study of Manipur and Mainland India

Abstract

Mental health is shaped by cultural beliefs, traditional healing practices, and societal attitudes, leading to variations in perception, treatment, and accessibility across different regions. This study examines these factors in the context of Manipur and mainland India, highlighting the influence of indigenous traditions, spiritual interpretations, and modern psychiatric approaches. In Manipur, traditional healers (Maibas and Maibis) play a central role in mental healthcare, while biomedical treatments are more prominent in urban areas of mainland India. However, rural communities in both regions still rely on faith-based healing. Stigma remains a significant barrier, affecting help-seeking behaviours and treatment adherence. The study also explores the socio-political impact on mental health in Manipur, where prolonged conflict contributes to high rates of trauma-related disorders. Despite growing awareness and expanding services in metropolitan areas, healthcare access remains inadequate in remote regions. Integrating traditional healing with biomedical approaches, enhancing mental health infrastructure, and addressing stigma through culturally sensitive policies are critical for improving mental healthcare outcomes.