Therapeutic Potential of Prosopis Cineraria (Shami) on Male Infertility Against High Dose of Estradiol Induced Swiss Albino Mice

Abstract

The present study was aimed at investigating the therapeutic potential consequence of Prosopis cineraria (Shami) on infertility against high dose of estradiol induced Swiss albino mice. Male thirty-six mice (n=36; weighing 30 ±5 g) were selected and divided into groups and subgroups. Group-I (Gr.^I): control, Group-II (Gr.^II): estradiol treated, Group-III (Gr.^III): Pre-treated estradiol + Prosopis cineraria (150mg/kg body weight) and Group-IV (Gr.^IV): Pre-treated estradiol + Prosopis cineraria (200mg/kg body weight).  In the first phase of this research, mice group Gr.^II, Gr.^III, and Gr.^IV were treated with estradiol @ 25μg/kg body weight for 45 days. After completion of estradiol treatment Gr.^II were sacrificed for examination. In the second phase of this experiment, mice groups Gr.^III, and Gr.^IV were re-divided into three sub-groups and administered P. cineraria for 35 days after selecting three distinct plant products (root, stem, and leaf) at two different above mentioned doses. An analysis was conducted on sperm quality immunoreactive luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone (T). Study outcomes reveal that, compared to Gr.^I the estradiol treated Gr.^II had a significant (p<0.001) alteration in sperm count, sperm motility, sperm morphology, serum levels of LH, FSH, and testosterone. Significant phytoestrogen effects were observed in all sub-groups of Gr.^III, and Gr.^IV after the administration of P. cineraria extract. Compared to Gr.^III vs. Gr.^IV; the Gr.^IV subgroup had better outcomes. Furthermore, estradiol markedly reduced sperm motility and FSH in comparison to LH and sperm density. It turned out to be clear that the direct effect of estradiol on the testicles was largely responsible for the testosterone deficiency. But administration of P. cineraria extract resulted in significant amelioration in all studied parameters. Among two doses of three distinct products (root, stem, and leaf) of the same plant, the dose of 150 mg/kg body weight showed the best effect on reproductive functions compared to the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight. However, the overall study recommends that P. cineraria has fertility boosting properties that can be applied therapeutically.