Study On Histological Changes in STZ Induced Albino Wister Rats and Comparison With Human Liver Histology

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the oldest diseases, and it affects millions of people all over the world. Diabetes, by most estimates, is now the most common cause of liver disease in the world, and liver disease, including abnormal liver enzymes, hepatocellular carcinomas, and acute liver failure, is an important cause of death. Hyperglycaemia over a long time can cause harmful effects in other tissues, especially in the liver, and liver dysfunction has been seen in diabetic patients with uncontrolled blood sugar levels. Liver function tests conducted through blood assays can provide information about the state of liver damage, describing its cellular integrity and its link with the biliary track. The present study conducted to find out liver histopathology of STZ induced diabetic rats.

Materials and Methods: Diabetes induced with streptozotocin. Confirmed Diabetes after 24 hrs, >180mg/dl , Repeated fasting glucose checkup first  7 days, After 1 week of induction, confirmed diabetic(>180mg/dl) rats only taken for study. Histopathological changes in the liver were examined with hematoxylin-eosin staining. Morphological changes in the liver were also examined.

Results: Liver – The group I (normal control) rats liver tissue section showed sinusoidal cords of hepatocytes with central vein and portal tracts. The portal tracts show portal triad with portal vein, hepatic artery and bile duct. In group II (diabetic control) rats liver tissue section shows distortion in the arrangement of cells around the central vein, periportal fatty infiltration (fatty steatosis) with focal necrosis of hepatocytes, hydropic changes and aggregation and infiltration of lymphocytes between hepatocytes.

Conclusion: In present study observed, we have observed, clear diabetic changes in STZ induced diabetic rats. These findings may be helpful to study histopathology of diabetic liver.