Effectiveness Of Dual Task Training Compared To Conventional Physical Therapy In Enhancing Cognitive And Balance Functions In Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke Patients

Abstract

Background: Stroke is a predominant cause of long-term disability globally, with middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke frequently leading to cognitive and balance deficits. Conventional physical therapy has predominantly concentrated on motor rehabilitation, frequently overlooking the cognitive impairments linked to stroke. Dual-task training (DTT), which combines cognitive and motor tasks, has emerged as a viable rehabilitation method.

Objective: This study examines the efficacy of dual-task training against traditional physical therapy in enhancing cognitive and balance functions in patients with MCA stroke.

Methods: A randomised controlled trial was performed on 60 patients with MCA strokes, evenly divided into two groups: Group A underwent dual-task training, while Group B received traditional physical therapy. The interventions spanned six weeks, with five sessions each week, each lasting 45 minutes. The outcome measures were the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), Trail Making Test (TMT), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).

Results: Group A demonstrated statistically significant enhancements in both cognitive (p < 0.01) and balance (p < 0.01) domains relative to Group B. Following the intervention, BBS scores increased by 35% in Group A compared to 18% in Group B. The DTT group exhibited a substantial reduction in TMT completion times, signifying improved cognitive flexibility.

Conclusion: Dual-task training surpasses traditional physical therapy in enhancing cognitive and balance functions in individuals with MCA strokes. Integrating cognitive-motor coordination into rehabilitation protocols can improve functional results and overall quality of life.