Anti-Ulcer Treatment Using Flavonoids- A Review

Abstract

Ulcers are common gastrointestinal ailments characterized by mucosal lesions and associated with diverse etiologies such as H. pylori infections, NSAID consumption, and stress. Conventional therapies often include acid neutralizers, anti-secretory agents, and mucosal protectants. However, refractory and chronic ulcers persist in some cases, necessitating alternative approaches. This review highlights the therapeutic potential of flavonoids and other bioactive compounds from plants in ulcer management. Plants such as Acacia senegal, Aegle marmelos, Adansonia digitata, Allium sativum, and Aloe vera exhibit significant anti-ulcer properties through mechanisms like gastric mucosal protection, inhibition of acid secretion, and antioxidant activity. Traditional medicine systems, especially Ayurveda, have long employed these natural remedies to treat various ulcers, from peptic to stress-induced and oral ulcers. Emerging studies confirm their efficacy in reducing ulcer lesions, accelerating healing, and mitigating the effects of harmful agents. This article further explores the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and diagnostic advancements in ulcer treatment, emphasizing the synergistic use of traditional remedies and modern therapies. Given the growing burden of ulcers globally, especially in developing nations, integrating plant-based solutions into treatment regimens offers a promising path forward.