Assessment of Bone Resorption of Patients Wearing Complete Denture and Different Types of Mandibular Implant Supported Overdenture: A Clinical trial

Abstract

Background and objectives: Conventional complete denture (CCD) has been used for many years, and in spite of the benefits it offers, it possesses many drawbacks. In recent years, implant-supported overdentures (ISOD) have been introduced into the dentistry field with various benefits compared to conventional complete dentures. The objectives of the current study were to assess the impact of four different types of innovative ISOD and CCD on mandibular residual alveolar bone and evaluation of bone resorption. 

Methods: Forty patients (25 males and 15 females) were recruited. The volunteers had a completely edentulous maxilla and mandible. They were divided into five groups, as follows: 8 patients were divided for conventional complete dentures: 8 patients with two-pieces implant ball and socket overdenture; 8 patients with two-pieces implant locator overdenture; 8 patients with a single-piece implant ball and socket overdenture; and 8 patients with an innovative implant overdenture by locator system. The construction of the lower (CCD and ISOD) and upper complete dentures was carried out. Then, the CBCT was taken to assess the bone resorption in four consecutive visits.

Results: The results of left and right  Buccal bone  test that the results of single ball   from right and left sid^e from 0 month  were 2.6  and in 18^th  month increased to 3.2 and two piece ball  in the  0 month were  2.2 and in the 18^th month increased to 3.5)  which both not  significantly ( P=0.4) increased. While in other implants bone resorption significantly increased which might be  the reflect  of the negative effect of the implants. Furthermore, in the  ligual bone resorption rate the data showed that only two ball piece showed significant ( P<0.05) difference from 0 month to 18 month; right side increased from 2.6 to3.1 and left side 2.2 to 3.2. Other implant types were not significantly different. Similar results were seen in the Occluso-Cervically bone resorption rate

Conclusions: The study findings indicate that the use of implant-supported over-dentures with the single piece implant resulted in improved of underline alveolar bone and less bone resorption with other types of overdentures and conventional complete dentures, particularly during the third and fourth visits. These overdentures offered superior result compared to conventional complete dentures (CCD).