Traditional and Phylogenetic Tree Study of Sarcocystis Species Infection in One Humped Slaughter Camel in Al-Diwaniyah Province, Iraq

Abstract

Background: Sarcocystis, an intracellular parasite, affects numerous domestic animals, including camels, its intermediate host.

Aim of study: Infected one-humped slaughter camel in Iraq's Al-Diwaniyah Province with Sarcocystis species: a traditional and phylogenetic tree

Materials and methods: PCR would identify Sarcocystis-infected slaughter camels. Fresh head samples were taken from murdered Al-Diwanyia camels from September 2023 to May 2024. Forty-two samples—85 male and 55 female aged one to six years—were taken.

Results: Sarcocystis was found in 99 of 140 samples, in all previously known isolates, conventional PCR amplified the COX1 gene, all 99 isolates (100%) yielded the identical 1058 kb DNA fragment in ladder testing. Indian Sarcocystis cameli with NCBI-BLAST homology sequence identity (98.90%) under accession numbers (PP503328, PP503329, PP503331, and PP503333), (99.12%) under (PP503330), (99.34%) under (PP503332), and (99.56%) under (PP503334), (PP503335), (PP503336), and The Sarcocystis cameli sequence evolutionary phylogenetic study focuses on a partial COX-1 gene segment found using Maximum Likelihood and Tamura-Nei models. The amount of substitutions per site (below the branches) scales branch lengths. Study analyzed 17 nucleotides. A total of 456 locations. Multiple sequence alignment of Sarcocystis cameli targeting COX-1 gene partial area showed similarities and differences. Sequence evolutionary divergence estimates for Sarcocystis cameli and others. Viewed base substitutions per site between sequences. The complete dataset has 456 locations. MEGA11 evolutionary analysis.

Conclusions: Sarcocystis spp. infection levels in killed camels were significant, according to the current results, which raises concerns about their potential impact on public health.