A Study of Correlation of Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase with The Severity of Coronary Angiography in The Indian Population

Abstract

Introduction: Myocardial infarction is being an increasing cause of mortality. To diagnose it early, need an additional marker to detect and grade the severity of coronary artery disease for the early intervention. One such marker is gamma-glutamyl transferase, which plays role in oxidative stress. 

Aim:  To study the correlation of Gamma-glutamyl transferase with the severity of coronary artery disease

Materials and methods:  The study was a single center, cross sectional study conducted in the cardiac ICU from June 2023 to May 2023 under the department of cardiology, Karnataka institute of medical sciences, Hubli, Karnataka, India. Total of 109 cases for study were taken and Informed written consent was obtained.  The study was permitted by institutional ethical committee. All of them underwent Coronary angiography.  The severity of CAG was assessed with the help of SYNTAX and GENSINI risk scoring system.  Gama-glutamyl transferase level was measured for all patient at the time of presentation. SYNTAX and GENSINI scores were categorized according to Singh KK et al., studies (22) . GGT values were compared across the SYNTAX, GENSINI and number of vessels involved.  Median with IQR was reported and one way ANOVA was used to compare the findings in the groups. Association between the SYNTAX categories with GGT tertiles, GENSINI scores with GGT tertiles were done with chi squared test. Logistic regression was done to find independent effect of GGT scores with CAD. 

Results: The categorized distribution of SYNTAX, GENSINI scores and number of vessels involved CAG report within the GGT categories shows that for GGT <41, 62.2% are in the 0-22 range, 60.0% are in the 0-17.65 range, between 0-41, 61.5% have SVD. Respectively.    For GGT 41-71, 52.0% in the 23-32 range, 49.0% in the 17.66-56.65 range, 59.1% have DVD. respectively   For GGT >71 85.7% in the ≥33 range, 80.0% in the >56.65 range, and 34.6% have TVD Respectively.

Conclusion:  This study showed that GGT value in higher range is correlating well with severity of CAD and lower range correlates well with number of vessels involved.