Pattern of RTA Injuries Admitted in Tertiary Care Hospital in GMC Baramulla Kashmir: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Background: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are among the most frequent cases presented at hospitals every day. The current understanding of the severity of this issue, particularly in Kashmir, seems to be limited, highlighting the need for further analysis and assessment. Given the high risk of mortality and the significant disability caused by road traffic injuries, it is essential to examine the various factors contributing to these accidents.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted to investigate patterns associated with road traffic accidents (RTAs). The study examined factors such as victim demographics, vehicle types, and the locations and times of incidents, along with the nature and severity of injuries sustained. This research was carried out in the Emergency Department of GMC Baramulla, Kashmir, by the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, using data collected from June 2022 to April 2024.

Results: A total of 1,082 road traffic accident (RTA) cases were reviewed. It was found that the majority of the RTA victims were males, comprising 816 individuals (75.41%). Most cases were reported in the age group of 20 to 29 years, accounting for 362 individuals (33.45%). RTAs commonly occurred between 12 PM and 9 PM. The types of vehicles involved in these accidents included four-wheelers (526 cases, 48.61%), two-wheelers   (444 cases, 41.03%), three-wheelers (104 cases, 9.61%), and six-wheelers (8 cases, 0.73%). Most victims were drivers (402 cases, 37.15%), followed by pedestrians (374 cases, 34.56%). Among the injured, the majority sustained ‘simple injuries’ (879 cases, 81.23%), while the remainder experienced ‘grievous hurt’ (203 cases, 18.76%).

Conclusion: The surge in motor vehicle usage has directly resulted in an alarming increase in road traffic accidents (RTAs). This escalation places an overwhelming burden on our healthcare centers. It is imperative that we identify the patterns in these incidents and thoroughly investigate the multiple factors driving this rise in our region. Taking decisive action is essential to prevent these tragic and preventable unnatural deaths.