Formulation and Evaluation of Econazole-Based Nanoparticles: Potential Antimycobacterial Agents Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A Review

Abstract

Pediatric TB is particularly challenging considered the long duration of treatment, compliance to therapy this involves and emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR)-TB as well as morbidity related to MDR-TB in pediatric age group. They betray the acute necessity of new therapeutic strategies. The present review discusses the formulation of econazole-loaded nanoparticles paying special important on type of method for the selection, ingredients and excipients used in design formulations, optimization parameters challenges including bioavailability. Moreover, it also discusses the characterization of these nanoparticles (physicochemical properties), drug loading and encapsulation efficiency as well as in vitro studies describing them with potential use against TB. The mechanistic basis of econazole and the potential synergies with nanoparticle formulation provide unique perspectives herein. The review concludes by highlighting future strategies and practical applications of econazole-based nanoparticles potentially in redefining the TB treatment landscape, specifically for its role as a workaround to preventable execution hurdles during therapy reset besides addressing niche patient groups like MDR-TB cases or pediatric age. The use of Econazole-Based Nanoparticles (EBNPs) revealed would be an innovative route to design a molecule against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, which could represent significant progress for treating TB. Background: This review explores EBNPs in detail, including their implications regarding the formulation and evaluation of these particles as well as how they work to synergize with existing TB treatments. EBNPs thus represent an exemplar of druggable targets for tuberculosis in a landscape where the persistence and drug resistance pathways are still challenging human chemotherapeutic approaches to TB, whether optimized treatment regimens or new tools that shorten therapy.