Swietenia mahagoni leaf extract is used in the green synthesis and polyvinylpyrrolidone functionalisation of gold nanoparticles for improved biocompatibility.

Abstract

Nanotechnology has revolutionized various industries, and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are particularly significant due to their biocompatibility and versatile applications. This study introduces a simple, environmentally friendly method for producing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using an aqueous leaf extract of Swietenia Mahagoni, motivated by the need for sustainable nanotechnology. Both a stabilizing capping layer for the expanding nanoparticles and a reducing agent for gold ions are functions of the phytoconstituents in the extract. For biomedical applications, the biosynthesized AuNPs were functionalized with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) to further improve colloidal stability and biocompatibility. A thorough characterisation procedure verified that the synthesis and functionalization were successful. The creation of AuNPs was demonstrated by UV-visible spectroscopy via a pronounced surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption band. The face-centered cubic crystalline structure of the nanoparticles was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigation. Crucially, direct proof of the precise functional groups from Swietenia Mahagoni phytochemicals (such as phenolics and terpenoids) in charge of reduction and capping was supplied by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Further FTIR analysis verified that PVP effectively encapsulated the AuNPs. In order to create complex AuNPs, this study shows how to work in combination with biocompatible polymer functionalization and plant-mediated green synthesis. The process greatly aids in the creation of sustainable nanomaterials by utilizing renewable resources, removing harsh chemicals, and producing nanoparticles with improved stability appropriate for therapeutic and diagnostic uses.