Nanotechnological Approaches in The Development of Novel Beta Sitosterol Dosage Forms

Abstract

β-Sitosterol (SIT) is a bioactive phytosterol found in lipid-rich plant foods such as nuts, seeds, legumes, and olive oil, constituting 65% of dietary phytosterols. It is structurally similar to cholesterol and is considered a safe supplement for reducing lipid levels, although its absorption in humans is minimal. It also offers protection against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and supports wound healing. Beta-Sitosterol exhibit the different pharmacological activities like Anti-inflammatory Activity, Chemoprotective effects, Hypocholesterolemic Activity, Angiogenic effect, Genotoxicity action, Analgesic Bioassay, Immunomodulatory Activity, Action on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Prostatic Cancer Treatment, Neuroprotective action, Anti-diabetic effects, Anti-oxidant effects, Hepatoprotective action, Wound Healing activity and antioxidant properties. But due to its large molecular size and low membrane penetration, Beta Sitosterol absorption is limited. Researchers are developing noval dosage forms that reduce particle size to improve its bioavailability and therapeutic potential.