Phytochemical Composition And Antimicrobial Activity Of Coconut Husk (Cocos Nucifera): A Sustainable Solution To Antimicrobial Resistance

Abstract

Coconut husk (Cocos nucifera), a by-product of coconut manufacturing, is abundant in phytochemicals acknowledged for its therapeutic properties. The purpose of this study was to find out what phytochemicals were in Cocos nucifera and how well they worked against bacterial and fungus diseases. Using Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans to test how well methanolic extracts of Cocos nucifera were effective. Alkaloids (12.3 mg/g), flavonoids (10.7 mg/g), tannins (6.5 mg/g), and saponins (7.8 mg/g) were found to be the main ingredients in both qualitative and quantitative tests. The extract showed strong antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging from 0.63 mg/mL to 1 mg/mL and inhibition zones measuring between 15.5 mm for E. coli and 18.7 mm for S. aureus. Antibacterial efficacies of the coconut husk destroy microbial membranes, interact with enzymatic pathways, and restrict nucleic acid production via its phytochemical components. The results show that a sustainable substitute for manufactured antibacterial could be Cocos nucifera husk, therefore supporting worldwide campaigns against antibacterial resistance.