Neisseria Meningitidis Infection: Epidemiologic Distribution Of The Serogroups, Diagnosis And Risk Factors

Abstract

Meningococcal disease continues to be one of the most important infectious diseases with higher fatality rate and those who survive the disease may have a lifelong disability. This review highlights the epidemiology of N. meningitidis with regards to serogroup distribution, risk factors associated with high possibility of gaining the infection and predict some solution for prevention and control. A systematic review for published articles using google search was done to generate the data of this review. Manuscript which was downloaded was well studied, classified and used for preparation of this article. Meningococcal serogroup B was noticed in Europe and America, while serogroups (A and W) were detected in the African Meningococcal Belt. Serogroups (C and Y) irregularly seen in America and some European and Asian countries. Risk factors associated with meningococcal infection includes, infant age, male sex, gathering, socioeconomic factors, having HIV, vaccines history and geographic allocation.