The Association Between Helicobacter Infection and Serum Vitamin D3 Deficiency in Adult Patients Attending Baghdad Teaching Hospital

Abstract

Gastrointestinal disorders, particularly dyspepsia and chronic gastritis, present significant health challenges globally, with developing countries like Iraq being particularly affected due to high rates of Helicobacter pylori infection. Vitamin D3 deficiency, crucial for immune health, may exacerbate these conditions. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of H. pylori infection and vitamin D3 deficiency among adult patients at Baghdad Teaching Hospital, exploring their association with various demographic and clinical factors to guide targeted interventions. Conducted from December 2023 to July 2024, this cross-sectional study involved 200 adult patients with gastrointestinal complaints. Data on socio-demographic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, as well as gastrointestinal symptoms, were collected using a structured questionnaire. Blood samples were tested for vitamin D3 levels, and H. pylori infection was diagnosed through clinical history and tests. Rigorous ethical standards, including informed consent and data confidentiality, were maintained. Findings revealed that 62% of participants had H. pylori infection, and 47% had vitamin D3 deficiency. A notable association between vitamin D3 deficiency and H. pylori infection was observed, with higher infection rates in individuals with obesity and those who smoked or consumed fast food. In contrast, no significant links were found between H. pylori infection and alcohol consumption or clean water access. Gastrointestinal symptoms like pain, bloating, diarrhea, and halitosis were strongly associated with H. pylori, while symptoms such as nausea, heartburn, and vomiting were not. The study underscores the significant prevalence of both H. pylori infection and vitamin D3 deficiency, with a clear link between the two. Addressing vitamin D3 deficiency and lifestyle factors, along with implementing regular screening, is essential for effective prevention and management of these gastrointestinal issues.