The influence of different occlusal design of 3-unit lithium disilicate implant supported prosthesis: Three-dimensional finite element analysis

Abstract

This study was undertaken to assess the influence of different buccolingual offset of occlusal table on the stress distribution in bone, implant and prosthesis in four virtual models of 3_unit mandibular implant supported prosthesis. Materials and methods: Geometric models of prosthesis, implant, and mandibular bone were created using SolidWorks and Ansys. Four three-dimensional models of the mandibular posterior segment with a 3-unit implant-supported prosthesis were reconstructed. The models had buccolingual offsets of 70%, 80%, and 90%, and one model without an offset. Vertical forces of 100 N and 200 N were applied to analyze stress distribution. Results: At 100 N, optimal stress distribution is found in the 80% buccolingual offset model. At 200 N, the best stress distribution occurs in the 90% and 100% models. Stress behavior changes significantly with increased force. At 100 N, the second implant-supported molar in the 100% model experiences the least stress, while at 200 N, it experiences the most stress in the 70% model. Thus, the ideal stress distribution varies with load and buccolingual offset, with 80% being optimal at 100 N and higher offsets preferred at 200 N. Conclusion: The present research demonstrates that stress distribution in implant-supported prostheses varies with changes in the buccolingual width of the occlusal table. ANSYS calculations revealed that stress levels decrease as buccolingual width increases, with 80% buccolingual offset for appropriate stress distribution. Under a 100 N load, the ideal stress distribution is at 80% buccolingual offset. At a 200 N load, stress distribution varies significantly, with the lowest stress at 100% buccolingual width in the second implant-supported molar and the highest at 70% buccolingual width in the same area. Thus, stress transfer to the peri-implant bone varies with buccolingual offset, with 80% width being optimal under 100 N load.