Awareness of Radiation Risks Associated with X-Ray and CT Usage Among Emergency Physicians and Radiology Staff in Public Tertiary Hospitals, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: X-ray and Computed Tomography (CT) imaging are essential diagnostic tools, but they involve ionizing radiation, which can pose health risks with repeated exposure. The increasing use of these techniques has heightened radiation exposure for healthcare workers. This study evaluates the awareness of radiation risks among emergency physicians and radiology staff in Saudi Arabia’s public tertiary hospitals.

Objective: To assess the level of awareness regarding radiation risks associated with X-ray and CT use among emergency physicians and radiology department staff in public tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 300 emergency physicians and radiology staff in public tertiary hospitals across Saudi Arabia. A validated questionnaire gathered demographic data, knowledge of radiation risks, and imaging practices from August to September 2022. The response rate was 92%, with 276 completed surveys.

Results: Among participants, 44% had a high level of awareness about radiation risks, 37% had moderate awareness, and 19% had low awareness (Score Range: 6–15). The most common sources of radiation safety information were specialty training (32%) and radiology seminars (29%). A majority (71%) of participants considered radiation risks before ordering X-rays, and 67% did so before ordering CT scans.

Conclusion: While healthcare professionals in Saudi public tertiary hospitals generally demonstrate satisfactory awareness of radiation risks, there is a need for enhanced training and standardized safety protocols across all facilities to ensure consistent practices. Regular educational initiatives and awareness programs are recommended to reinforce safe, informed use of imaging.