Rice and Wheat area Estimation using Remote Sensing and GIS.

Abstract

Rice and wheat are important cereal crops and their area estimation is crucial for food security and policy planning. Remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques have been widely used for the estimation of crop area. In this study, we present an abstract of the research conducted on the estimation of rice and wheat area using remote sensing and GIS.

The study was conducted in a study area located in the northern region of India, where rice and wheat are the major crops grown. The study used multi-temporal Sentinel-2 images for the years 2022 to estimate the rice and wheat area. The efficacy of Sentinel-2 Supervised Classification and time series as a wheat and Rice-monitoring tool across the wheat-growing areas of Haryana State is investigated in this study. The open-access data from the European Space Agency's (ESA) Sentinel-2 satellite, which provides worldwide coverage with an average 5-day return frequency and a spatial resolution of up to 10 metres, might offer estimates of these variables at sub-field resolution. The images were pre-processed, and the Supervised Classification was calculated to area estimation of the crops from other land cover types. Also the image classification was carried out using the Maximum Likelihood Classification algorithm in the GIS environment. The results showed that the overall accuracy of the classification was 95.4% for rice and 93.2% for wheat. The area estimation was conducted by overlaying the classified image with the corresponding ground truth data collected from the field. The estimated area of rice was found to be 1381999.3 hectares in 2022, while the estimated area of wheat was found to be 4417651.9 hectares in 2022.

The study concludes that remote sensing and GIS techniques can provide accurate and timely information on the crop area, which can be useful for crop monitoring, yield estimation, and policy planning. The results of this study can be used by farmers, government agencies, and other stakeholders for decision-making related to food security and crop management.