The Expression OF P63 And BRCA1 In Prostatic Lesions And Its Correlation with Gleason Grade In Prostatic Carcinoma

Abstract

Abstract: Histopathological diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatic carcinoma may be sometime problematic. Occasionally Diagnosis of prostate cancer purely on the foundation of the clinical and morphological features may be difficult. Here comes the role of the tumor markers and immunohistochemical (IHC) markers. P63, is confined to basal cells/myoepithelial cells in prostate. BRCA 1 have been inconsistently correlated with the risk of prostate cancer. Objective: This study is to assess the expression of P63 and BRCA1 in prostatic lesions and correlation of Gleason grade in prostatic carcinoma.

Materials and Methods: Total 60 cases of prostatic specimens from September 2023 to August 2024 were evaluated for histopathological spectrum of prostatic lesions. P63 and BRCA1 IHC staining was carried out in prostatic lesions on routinely processed, formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue and its correlation with Gleason grading were evaluated

Results: Benign Adenofibromyomatous hyperplasia with or without chronic active prostatitis alone accounted 68.3% of prostate specimens followed by 28.3% cases of adenocarcinoma. BPH with low grade PIN in 3.4% cases. Most common Gleason score found was 7(4+3) with Grade Group 3. For P63 expression was reported positive in 73.3% of prostate lesion and 26.7% had negative IHC expression. For BRCA1; 40% showed positivity while 60% revealed negative expression.

Conclusion: Histopathology is the gold standard, a combination of immunohistochemical markers of P63 and BRCA1 is a great adjunct in combating the morphologically to reduce the chance of misdiagnosis. P63 has high sensitivity to identify basal cells so its presence is a track for diagnosis of BPH and vice versa. This would greatly help in the process of determining prognosis of the patients using molecular markers BRCA1, which may be used for targeted therapy as well.