Elevated Troponin I and Serum Creatinine Levels as Predictors of Clinical Outcomes in Patients of Myocardial Infarction with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: - Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disturbance of glucose metabolism without the absolute insulin deficiency that is typical for type 1 diabetes. Rather, type 2 diabetes is characterized by a reduced efficacy of insulin action in different peripheral tissues (insulin resistance) as well as a disturbance in beta cell function.

Material and Method:- The study was conducted on the patients at LPS Institute of Cardiology, Kanpur Nagar, total 300 subjects included in which 150 control and 150 cases. The sampling was done on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria by the venipuncture techniques.

Result:-  In our study, we enrolled 300 patients diagnosed with myocardial infarction and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), consisting of 150 patients in both the case and control groups. The mean age of males in the case group was 48 years, and 42 years for females, compared to 46 years for males and 40 years for females in the control group. Serum creatinine levels were significantly higher in the case group (1.01 ± 0.06 mg/dL) compared to the control group (0.78 ± 0.05 mg/dL), with a T-value of 0.98 and p < 0.01, indicating a strong association with myocardial infarction. Similarly, mean Troponin I levels were elevated in the case group (1.25 ± 0.81 ng/mL) versus the control group (0.1 ± 0.69 ng/mL), reflecting greater myocardial injury in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Conclusion: - Both troponin I and serum creatinine serve as valuable biomarkers in diabetic patients who have experienced a myocardial infarction. Troponin I offer insights into the degree of damage to the heart muscle, while serum creatinine indicates the presence of kidney dysfunction, which can complicate treatment and worsen outcomes.