Effectiveness Of Nurse Led Intervention On The Level Of Knowledge Regarding The Rights Of Mentally Challenged Patients Among B.Sc. Nursing III Year Students.” -A Quasi Experimental Study

Abstract

The United Nations has defined Human Rights as “those rights which are inherent in our nature and without which we cannot live as human beings”.  The Universal Declaration on Human Rights (UDHR), focuses that everyone has equal and same rights irrespective of their caste, race, nationality, or status. It is clear that mentally ill individuals also have rights like other individuals.^[1]

Mental, physical, and social health is vital strands of life that are closely interwoven and deeply interdependent. Any person who can understand reality, interpret doubts, analyse views, and solve problems tactfully is considered a mentally healthy person but who has a disturbance in cognition, emotion regulation, or behaviour that is clinically significant, reflects a change in psychological, biological, & developmental mechanisms can manifest as a mental disorder, reflecting an underlying impairment in mental processes. Hence, mental illness refers to a broad spectrum of mental health issues and diseases that affect mood, cognition, and behaviour. ^[2]

Ethics and the laws are closely related in concepts, such as rights and justice have both ethical and legal importance, they are both tools of regulation and legislation on how people ought to act in response to one another^.[4] Human rights are essential for our existence in a just and equitable society without which we cannot inhabit. They are the intrinsic rights and freedoms that every individual is entitled to, regardless of race, religion, nationality, gender, or any other status. ^[5]

Health is a form of holistic wellbeing on all levels—physical, mental, social, and spiritual, in addition to the lack of sickness or impairment. Mental health refers to a state of balance between the individual’s psychological, emotional, and social status and the surrounding world, a state of equilibrium between oneself and others.^[11]

Objectives:

1. To examine the pre-interventional level knowledge on the privileges of mentally challenged patients among B.Sc. nursing III year students of groups for the experiment and controlled.
2. To assess the post-interventional level knowledge on the privileges of mentally challenged patients among B.Sc. nursing III year students of controlled & experimental groups.
3. To compare the pre-interventional and post interventional level of knowledge among control group and experimental group of B.Sc. nursing III year students.
4. To compare the post interventional level of knowledge among experimental and control group of Nursing students of B.Sc III year.
5. To associate the pre interventional level of awareness about privileges of mentally challenged patients among Nursing students of B.Sc III year with selected demographic variable in both experimental and control group.

Design: A quantitative research approach & Quasi experimental research design (one group pretest posttest design) was adopted for the study.

Setting: The study was performed in Florence Nightingale College of nursing, Rohilkhand College of nursing, Jyoti College of nursing, Keshlata College of nursing, RSD Academy nursing college and Vivekananda College of nursing. The study setting selection was carried out based on feasibility and availability of the sample.

Participants: Using power analysis and this formula, the calculated sample size was N=218.

Sampling technique: To select a representative sample of the population Purposive sampling technique was used.

RESULTS:

• In this study majority of the students in experimental group 41(37.3%) had average understanding and 69(62.7%) had poor level of awareness about privileges of mentally challenged patients. In control group, majority of the students 38(34.5%) had average understanding and 72(65.5%) had poor level of awareness about privileges of mentally challenged patients.
• In this study majority of students in experimental group 39(35.5%) had average understanding and 71(64.5%) had good level of awareness about privileges of mentally challenged patients. In control group, majority of the students 52(47.3%) had average understanding and 58(52.7%) had poor level of awareness about privileges of mentally challenged patients.
• In the current study, at pretest the mean understanding score and SD was 14.31 ± 5.952 in experiment group whereas 13.39 ± 5.753 in control group. In posttest the mean understanding score and SD was 25.82 ± 5.886 in experiment group whereas 14.98 ± 5.749 in control group. The obtained t & p value for pretest was t = 42.495, p =0.0001, and in posttest was t = 12.362, p = 0.0001. The t-test revealed that there was significant difference within both the groups at pretest and posttest scores.
• In this study, at pretest the mean understanding score and SD was 14.31 ± 5.952 in experiment group whereas 13.39 ± 5.753 in control group. In posttest the mean understanding score and SD was 25.82 ± 5.886 in experiment group whereas 14.98 ± 5.749 in control group. The obtained t & p value for pretest was t = 1.163, p =0.246, and in posttest was t = 13.814, p = 0.0001. The t-test revealed that there was no significant difference between both the groups at pretest scores whereas there was significant
• In the current study there was no significant association between age, Gender, types of family and family history of mental illness whereas there was significant association between previous understanding and source of information regarding privileges of mentally challenged patients. Hence it can be interpreted that demographic variables did not have any influence on understanding of B.Sc. nursing III year students regarding privileges of mentally challenged patients in experimental and comparison group except previous understanding and source of information regarding privileges of mentally challenged patients

CONCLUSIONS: The present study examined the productivity of nurse led intervention on the same level as awareness about the privileges of mentally challenged patients among B.Sc. Nursing III Year Students. The study results shows that the obtained t & p value for pretest was t = 1.163, p =0.246, and in post-test was t = 13.814, p = 0.0001. The t-test revealed that there was not a noticeable distinction between both the groups at pretest scores whereas there was significant difference between both the groups at post-test. There was no substantial correlation between gender, age, family kinds, and mental disease in the family history whereas there was significant association between previous understanding about the liberty of people with psychological disorders patients and source of information regarding privileges of mentally challenged patients. The participants were comfortable and cooperative throughout the study. The study concluded that administration of nurse led education among pupils were discovered to be competent in improving the level of awareness about privileges of mentally challenged patients.