Improving dental treatment and preventive methods aimed at improving the condition of periodontal tissues and oral mucosa in patients with AIDS

Abstract

Background. The effectiveness of treatment of diseases of organs and tissues of the oral cavity (OC) in individuals diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in many cases depends on the amount or dose of antibiotics used, the use of chemotherapeutic agents, the absence of secondary adentia and its complications, restoration of dentition with an analysis of data on the dependence on designs and their quality, and treatment tactics with full and partial removable dentures (FRD and PRD) used for treatment. In Uzbekistan, over the past 5 years, 48,658 patients in this category have been registered, most of them were in the age range of 29-50 years, and it was during this period that these patients most often consulted a dentist, discussed treatment problems, and discussed a new method of prosthetics of dentition.

The purpose of this study was to improve the effectiveness of clinical and functional dental orthopedic treatment and preventive methods aimed at eliminating pathological damage to the periodontal tissues and oral mucosa in patients with AIDS.

Methods and materials for the study. A total of 384 AIDS patients aged 18-56 years in the main group (M/G) and 258 somatically healthy people in the control group (Cont/G) visited a dentist between 2022-2024. Inclusion of 134 patients (M/G-1) for prospective studies; including 68 patients from M/G-2 and 66 patients from the comparison group (Comp/G), 38 patients from Cont/G: including 33 patients from M/G-2a to eliminate a dentition defect ("Vertex Termosens"), 35 patients in M/G-2b ("Vertex Termosens,” "Gluma Comfort Bond" adhesive). They were divided into groups of 32 people in C/G-1 ("Ftorax") and 34 people in C/G-2 ("Ftorax" with "Gluma Comfort Bond").

Results. Taking into account pathological changes in the tissues and organs of the oral cavity of AIDS patients, unusual clinical features, frequency of occurrence, and specificity of the course, the quality of the coating "Gluma Comfort Bond" "Vertex Termosens" shows the superiority of the coating "Ftorax,” at the same time removable dentures "Ftorax" justify their economic cheapness. The results of the effective treatment and prevention using the proposed prostheses were based on these results.

Conclusions. Taking into account the features of the tissues and organs of the oral cavity of AIDS patients, the effectiveness of restoring the dentition by impregnating the removable dentures from "Vertex Termosens" "Ftorax" with the adhesive "Gluma Comfort Bond" has been proven.