Exploring Therapeutic Options For Chronic Recurrent Temporomandibular Joint Dislocation: Autologous Blood Versus 25% Dextrose Prolotherapy

Abstract

Introduction: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation occurs when the condyle travels anterior to the articular eminence and remains there. Prolotherapy is an effective minimally invasive method which involves injection of solution into the joint to stimulate regeneration potential. 

Aims and objectives: To compare the autologous blood injection prolotherapy and 25% dextrose prolotherapy for the treatment of chronic recurrent TMJ dislocation.

Material and Methods: In a study of 10 patients with recurrent TMJ dislocation, Group A received 25% dextrose prolotherapy and Group B received autologous blood prolotherapy. Evaluations for mouth opening, pain, jaw movements, dislocation frequency, and TMJ sounds were conducted pre- and post-treatment over 6 months.

Results: Group A (dextrose prolotherapy) significantly reduced pain (VAS scale) over time. Group B showed better improvements in maximum mouth opening and mandibular movements. Both groups had similar results in reducing dislocation frequency and TMJ sounds.

Discussion: Autologous blood therapy improved mouth opening and jaw movements better, while 25% dextrose was more effective for pain reduction in recurrent TMJ dislocation.

Conclusion: Autologous blood injection demonstrates superior efficacy compared to 25% dextrose prolotherapy inmanaging chronic recurrent TMJ dislocation.