Negative Implications of Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Pregnancy Associated with Anaemia in Aljouf, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

One of the most prevalent serious health issues is anaemia. It is a high-risk condition since it has negative pregnancy-related 
effects on both the mother and the fetus. The most vulnerable population to anaemia is pregnant women. This research was done 
in Aljouf, Saudi Arabia, to find out the negative effects of anaemia on maternal and fetal outcomes during pregnancy. 
Retrospective research was conducted on pregnant patients treated at the Maternity and Children Hospital (MCH), Sakaka, 
Aljouf, Saudi Arabia, over a 12-month period. All 480 pregnant women provided the necessary information, which included 
demographics like age, education, socioeconomic status, parity, birth intervals, trimester of pregnancy, BMI, history of fever, 
neonatal information, and investigative data. Participants with anaemia during pregnancy totaled 485; mild anaemia made up 
18.7%, moderate anaemia 77.9%, and severe anaemia 3.2%. The age group of 30-34 years had the highest prevalence of anaemia
(32.5%), multiparity (51.7%), and secondary education (51.7%). While 73.6% anaemia found in first trimester,63% in 
overweight women and 73.6% less than 2 years of birth intervals. Out of 485, 145 had abortions, and the remaining 340 expectant 
mothers had fetal distress at a rate of 14.4%, IUGR at a rate of 6.7%, LBWB at a rate of 10.8%, a cardiac anomaly at a rate of 
0.2%, and 6.7% were admitted to the NICU. All anemic pregnant women have their blood hematocrit levels examined as well. 
For associated risk factors including fever, parity, and social classes, use multivariate analysis. Our study's pregnant participants 
were severely anemic, which had negative impacts on the developing fetus and newborn. The linked factors that contributed to 
the development of anaemia during pregnancy must be improved.